Mexico · Monthly
July 2026
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Version history (3)
- version 3 · Final · 2026-10-11 — no change in the headline figures
- version 2 · Final · 2026-10-11
- version 1 · Final · 2026-10-11 — first issue
1 Key messages and climate synopsis
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL, UCSB Climate Hazards Center
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL, UCSB Climate Hazards Center
2 Global and regional climate drivers
Sea-surface temperature anomaly, July 2026 (°C, 1991–2020)
Source: NOAA NCEI / PSL
Sea-surface temperature anomaly in the Niño regions (°C)
| Region | Anomaly (°C) | Change from preceding period (°C) |
|---|---|---|
| Niño 1+2 | 3.6 | 0.7 |
| Niño 3 | 2.3 | 0.6 |
| Niño 3.4 | 2.0 | 0.5 |
| Niño 4 | 1.1 | −0.2 |
Mean of the months in the period (OISST v2.1)
Source: NOAA CPC
El Niño conditions of moderate intensity: the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) for MJJ 2026 was +1.4 °C.
Source: NOAA CPC
Monthly Niño 3.4 anomaly, last 24 months (°C)
Source: NOAA CPC
MJO phase diagram (real-time OMI)
Source: NOAA PSL
Teleconnection indices
| Index | Value | Phase |
|---|---|---|
| PDO | −2.2 | Negative |
| NAO | −0.3 | Neutral |
| TNA | 0.4 | Neutral |
Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO); North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO); Tropical North Atlantic (TNA).
Source: NOAA CPC, NOAA NCEI, NOAA PSL
The Niño 3.4 anomaly was +2.03 °C (+0.48 °C relative to the preceding period).
The MJO was active on 8 of 31 days, most often in phase 7 (Western Pacific); mean amplitude 0.7.
Other indices: PDO −2.16 (negative phase); NAO −0.31 (neutral phase); TNA +0.43 (neutral phase).
3 Precipitation
Source: UCSB Climate Hazards Center
Accumulated precipitation
Source: UCSB Climate Hazards Center
Percent of normal precipitation (1991–2020)
Source: UCSB Climate Hazards Center
Percent of normal by state
Source: UCSB Climate Hazards Center
Precipitation by region
| Region | Total (mm) | Normal (mm) | Difference (%) | Category |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northwest | 84.2 | 75.4 | 11.6 | Near normal |
| North | 92.0 | 109.3 | −15.8 | Near normal |
| Northeast | 33.2 | 81.2 | −59.1 | Below normal |
| North-central | 67.2 | 108.9 | −38.3 | Below normal |
| West-central | 184.8 | 212.5 | −13.0 | Near normal |
| Central | 104.4 | 161.2 | −35.3 | Below normal |
| South | 153.6 | 251.9 | −39.0 | Below normal |
| East | 172.4 | 239.7 | −28.1 | Below normal |
| Yucatán Peninsula | 101.5 | 146.9 | −30.9 | Below normal |
Source: UCSB Climate Hazards Center
Stations with the largest precipitation excess
| Region | State | Station | Altitude (m) | Anomaly (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northwest | Baja California Sur | La Paz (City) | 18.0 | 1548.0 |
| South | Chiapas | Comitan | 1646.0 | 468.9 |
| Northeast | Tamaulipas | Ciudad Victoria | 355.0 | 269.5 |
| North | Coahuila | Saltillo | 1790.0 | 228.0 |
| North | Chihuahua | Temosachi (Obs) | 1932.0 | 149.4 |
| East | Veracruz | Jalapa | 1389.0 | 138.9 |
| Northeast | Tamaulipas | Tampico | 25.0 | 135.0 |
| South | Chiapas | Francisco Sarabia | 1052.0 | 84.3 |
| Central | Tlaxcala | Tlaxcala De Xicontecatl (Dge) | 2230.0 | 68.2 |
| Central | Estado de México | Toluca (Obs) | 2726.0 | 36.1 |
Source: NOAA NCEI
Stations with the largest precipitation deficit
| Region | State | Station | Altitude (m) | Anomaly (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northwest | Baja California | Ejido Nuevo Leon (Obs) | 11.0 | −87.4 |
| Yucatán Peninsula | Yucatán | Progreso | 2.0 | −21.9 |
Source: NOAA NCEI
Largest 24-hour rainfall at stations
| Station | State | Max 24 h rainfall (mm) | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ciudad Victoria | Tamaulipas | 108.4 | 2026-07-12 |
| Tuxpan.Ver. | Veracruz | 102.3 | 2026-07-16 |
| Hacienda Ylang Ylang Veracruz | Veracruz | 101.9 | 2026-07-09 |
| Orizaba | Veracruz | 90.0 | 2026-07-08 |
| Comitan | Chiapas | 89.7 | 2026-07-07 |
| Temosachi (Obs) | Chihuahua | 82.4 | 2026-07-16 |
| Guadalajara | Jalisco | 76.5 | 2026-07-19 |
| Sn. Cristobal Las Casas | Chiapas | 72.7 | 2026-07-09 |
| Villahermosa | Tabasco | 72.4 | 2026-07-02 |
| Zamora | Michoacán | 71.9 | 2026-07-16 |
Source: NOAA NCEI
Daily national mean precipitation
Source: UCSB Climate Hazards Center
Daily national mean and grid-cell maximum
| Day | National mean (mm) | Grid maximum (mm) | State |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-07-01 | 4.7 | 46.8 | Campeche |
| 2026-07-02 | 3.2 | 86.1 | Oaxaca |
| 2026-07-03 | 2.2 | 37.0 | Oaxaca |
| 2026-07-04 | 1.5 | 30.1 | Nayarit |
| 2026-07-05 | 2.1 | 38.2 | Campeche |
| 2026-07-06 | 3.3 | 47.2 | Michoacán |
| 2026-07-07 | 4.7 | 58.6 | Veracruz |
| 2026-07-08 | 4.7 | 116.1 | Veracruz |
| 2026-07-09 | 5.1 | 153.7 | Veracruz |
| 2026-07-10 | 3.8 | 62.7 | Sinaloa |
| 2026-07-11 | 5.1 | 45.7 | Quintana Roo |
| 2026-07-12 | 4.6 | 69.0 | Veracruz |
| 2026-07-13 | 4.5 | 86.6 | Guerrero |
| 2026-07-14 | 4.6 | 86.6 | Coahuila |
| 2026-07-15 | 4.5 | 48.7 | Veracruz |
| 2026-07-16 | 6.4 | 125.9 | Chiapas |
| 2026-07-17 | 4.7 | 143.6 | Oaxaca |
| 2026-07-18 | 3.0 | 45.5 | Nayarit |
| 2026-07-19 | 5.1 | 69.7 | Sinaloa |
| 2026-07-20 | 3.0 | 53.4 | Sonora |
| 2026-07-21 | 3.7 | 60.9 | Sonora |
| 2026-07-22 | 1.0 | 25.9 | Durango |
| 2026-07-23 | 0.5 | 28.4 | Chiapas |
| 2026-07-24 | 1.8 | 37.1 | Chiapas |
| 2026-07-25 | 1.9 | 46.8 | Sinaloa |
| 2026-07-26 | 2.9 | 58.5 | Chiapas |
| 2026-07-27 | 3.9 | 59.5 | Nayarit |
| 2026-07-28 | 3.5 | 67.4 | Oaxaca |
| 2026-07-29 | 2.4 | 45.2 | Nayarit |
| 2026-07-30 | 2.6 | 73.5 | Sinaloa |
| 2026-07-31 | 1.6 | 42.8 | Oaxaca |
Source: UCSB Climate Hazards Center
National precipitation in July of each year
Source: UCSB Climate Hazards Center
National accumulated precipitation was 106.8 mm, 76% of the 1991–2020 average (140.0 mm), category “Below normal”. It was the 5th driest July in the 1981–2026 series.
The region with the highest percentage of normal was Northwest (112%) and the lowest was Northeast (41%).
The largest daily grid-cell total was estimated on 9 July in Veracruz (153.7 mm).
Source: UCSB Climate Hazards Center
4 Temperature
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
Mean temperature
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
Mean temperature anomaly (1991–2020)
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
Mean temperature anomaly by state
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
National mean temperature anomaly in July of each year
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
The national mean temperature was 27.0 °C, 1.1 °C above the 1991–2020 average (25.9 °C), category “Above normal”. It was the 2nd warmest July in the 1979–2026 series (tied with 2009).
By region, the largest anomaly was in South (+1.5 °C) and the smallest in West-central (+0.9 °C).
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
Maximum temperature anomaly (1991–2020)
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
Lowest and highest monthly mean maximum temperature by region
| Region | Lowest value (°C) | Station | Highest value (°C) | Station |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northwest | 35.4 | Puerto Penasco, Son. | 36.1 | Colonia Juan Carras, Sin. |
Station monthly means (GHCN-Daily, ≥ 80% of days with data).
Source: NOAA NCEI
Daily national maximum temperature
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
The national maximum temperature was 33.4 °C, 2.3 °C above the 1991–2020 average (31.1 °C), category “Extremely above normal”. It was the 2nd warmest July in the 1979–2026 series.
By region, the largest anomaly was in South (+2.9 °C) and the smallest in Northwest (+1.8 °C).
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
Minimum temperature anomaly (1991–2020)
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
Lowest and highest monthly mean minimum temperature by region
| Region | Lowest value (°C) | Station | Highest value (°C) | Station |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northwest | 23.5 | Colonia Juan Carras, Sin. | 28.8 | Puerto Penasco, Son. |
| Yucatán Peninsula | 24.7 | Valladolid, Yuc. | 25.1 | Progreso, Yuc. |
Station monthly means (GHCN-Daily, ≥ 80% of days with data).
Source: NOAA NCEI
Daily national minimum temperature
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
The national minimum temperature was 20.5 °C, 0.1 °C below the 1991–2020 average (20.6 °C), category “Normal”. It was the 24th coldest July in the 1979–2026 series (tied with 2013, 2014).
By region, the largest anomaly was in Northwest (+1.0 °C) and the smallest in Central (−0.8 °C).
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
5 Climate extremes and records
Source: NOAA NCEI
Highest maximum temperature by state
| State | Station | Temperature (°C) | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baja California | San Felipe Bcn | 38.6 | 2026-07-10 |
| Chiapas | Comitan | 32.4 | 2026-07-27 |
| Chihuahua | Hidalgo Del Parral | 37.2 | 2026-07-26 |
| Ciudad de México | Mexico City | 34.1 | 2026-07-12 |
| Colima | Manzanillo | 38.6 | 2026-07-09 |
| Durango | Durango | 41.9 | 2026-07-13 |
| Jalisco | Ciudad Guzman | 37.6 | 2026-07-26 |
| Michoacán | Zamora | 39.0 | 2026-07-08 |
| Oaxaca | Oaxaca | 37.0 | 2026-07-12 |
| San Luis Potosí | Rio Verde | 38.6 | 2026-07-31 |
| Sinaloa | Colonia Juan Carras | 39.5 | 2026-07-16 |
| Sonora | Puerto Penasco | 37.8 | 2026-07-10 |
| Tamaulipas | Tampico | 40.0 | 2026-07-30 |
| Tlaxcala | Tlaxcala De Xicontecatl (Dge) | 32.7 | 2026-07-14 |
| Veracruz | Tuxpan.Ver. | 38.8 | 2026-07-23 |
Source: NOAA NCEI
Lowest minimum temperature by state
| State | Station | Temperature (°C) | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baja California | San Felipe Bcn | 21.7 | 2026-07-01 |
| Baja California Sur | La Paz (City) | 18.2 | 2026-07-26 |
| Chiapas | Comitan | 10.6 | 2026-07-14 |
| Guerrero | Chilpancingo Ro. | 13.0 | 2026-07-07 |
| Jalisco | Ciudad Guzman | 13.1 | 2026-07-27 |
| Michoacán | Zamora | 11.2 | 2026-07-17 |
| San Luis Potosí | Rio Verde | 14.1 | 2026-07-27 |
| Sinaloa | Choix | 16.8 | 2026-07-17 |
| Sonora | Puerto Penasco | 21.5 | 2026-07-02 |
| Tamaulipas | Ciudad Victoria | 14.4 | 2026-07-09 |
| Veracruz | Jalapa | 10.8 | 2026-07-08 |
| Yucatán | Valladolid | 22.6 | 2026-07-16 |
Source: NOAA NCEI
Station records broken
| Station | State | Variable | New value | Date | Previous record | Previous date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Durango | Durango | Highest maximum temperature | 41.9 | 2026-07-13 | 37.1 | 2018-07-24 |
| Colonia Juan Carras | Sinaloa | Highest maximum temperature | 39.5 | 2026-07-16 | 38.7 | 1993-07-31 |
| Colonia Juan Carras | Sinaloa | Lowest minimum temperature | 17.0 | 2026-07-13 | 20.0 | 1977-07-27 |
| Ciudad Victoria | Tamaulipas | Lowest minimum temperature | 14.4 | 2026-07-09 | 15.0 | 1944-07-09 |
| Tampico | Tamaulipas | Highest maximum temperature | 40.0 | 2026-07-30 | 38.0 | 2018-07-26 |
| Tulancingo | Hidalgo | Highest 24 h rainfall | 56.3 | 2026-07-17 | 38.1 | 1999-07-06 |
| Manzanillo | Colima | Highest maximum temperature | 38.6 | 2026-07-09 | 36.9 | 2016-07-05 |
| Ciudad Guzman | Jalisco | Highest maximum temperature | 37.6 | 2026-07-26 | 36.0 | 2023-07-17 |
| Zamora | Michoacán | Highest maximum temperature | 39.0 | 2026-07-08 | 37.0 | 1956-07-08 |
| Zamora | Michoacán | Highest 24 h rainfall | 71.9 | 2026-07-16 | 60.7 | 1998-07-18 |
| Mexico City | Ciudad de México | Highest maximum temperature | 34.1 | 2026-07-12 | 29.6 | 1989-07-17 |
| Tlaxcala De Xicontecatl (Dge) | Tlaxcala | Highest maximum temperature | 32.7 | 2026-07-14 | 30.0 | 1962-07-12 |
| Jalapa | Veracruz | Highest maximum temperature | 35.0 | 2026-07-13 | 33.3 | 2006-07-16 |
| Hacienda Ylang Ylang Veracruz | Veracruz | Highest maximum temperature | 36.6 | 2026-07-31 | 36.4 | 2005-07-09 |
| Orizaba | Veracruz | Highest maximum temperature | 34.6 | 2026-07-07 | 32.7 | 2010-07-02 |
| Huajuapan De Leon (Dge) | Oaxaca | Highest maximum temperature | 36.1 | 2026-07-14 | 35.4 | 2022-07-22 |
| Oaxaca | Oaxaca | Highest maximum temperature | 37.0 | 2026-07-12 | 33.9 | 2022-07-22 |
| Comitan | Chiapas | Highest 24 h rainfall | 89.7 | 2026-07-07 | 65.0 | 2008-07-22 |
Most extreme daily value of the period against the same period in all earlier years of record (at least 20 years; for weeks, the same calendar month).
Source: NOAA NCEI
Climate-extremes indices (national mean)
| Index | Description | Value | Normal | Difference | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TX90p | Warm days (Tmax > 90th percentile) | 39.6 | 10.0 | 29.6 | % |
| TN90p | Warm nights (Tmin > 90th percentile) | 5.4 | 10.0 | −4.6 | % |
| TX10p | Cool days (Tmax < 10th percentile) | 1.9 | 10.0 | −8.1 | % |
| TN10p | Cold nights (Tmin < 10th percentile) | 7.6 | 10.0 | −2.4 | % |
| FD | Frost days (Tmin < 0 °C) | 0.0 | 0.0 | −0.0 | d |
| SU | Summer days (Tmax > 25 °C) | 30.1 | 27.2 | 2.8 | d |
| TR | Tropical nights (Tmin > 20 °C) | 17.9 | 17.8 | 0.0 | d |
| WSDI | Warm spell days (≥ 6 days) | 5.2 | — | — | d |
| CSDI | Cold spell days (≥ 6 days) | 0.1 | — | — | d |
| Rx1day | Maximum 1-day precipitation | 20.6 | 26.3 | −5.7 | mm |
| Rx5day | Maximum 5-day precipitation | 40.9 | 52.9 | −12.0 | mm |
| CDD | Consecutive dry days (< 1 mm) | 8.7 | 8.4 | 0.3 | d |
| CWD | Consecutive wet days (≥ 1 mm) | 5.1 | 5.9 | −0.8 | d |
Percentile indices relative to calendar-day percentiles of 1991–2020 (5-day window); counts and maxima averaged over the country's grid cells.
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
Heat and cold waves
| Dates | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-07-20 – 2026-07-28 | Heat wave | Up to 87% of the country above the 90th percentile of Tmax. Regions: Northwest, North, Northeast, North-central, West-central, Central, South, East and Yucatán Peninsula. |
Wave: at least 3 consecutive days with at least half of the country above the 90th percentile of maximum temperature (heat) or below the 10th percentile of minimum temperature (cold). At most the 10 most intense are listed.
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
6 Drought
Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) ending July 2026
Source: UCSB Climate Hazards Center
Share of the country by SPI category
Source: UCSB Climate Hazards Center
States with the lowest SPI-3
| State | SPI-1 | SPI-3 | SPI-6 | SPI-12 | Category |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chiapas | −1.4 | −1.4 | −1.4 | −0.5 | Moderate drought |
| Guerrero | −1.4 | −1.2 | −1.0 | −1.1 | Moderate drought |
| Tabasco | −1.1 | −0.8 | −0.7 | −0.9 | Mild drought |
| Oaxaca | −1.3 | −0.6 | −0.4 | −0.5 | Mild drought |
Source: UCSB Climate Hazards Center
SPI-3 (May–Jul 2026): national mean +0.04; 12% of the country in drought (SPI ≤ −1.0) and 4% in severe or extreme drought.
Most affected states: Chiapas (−1.44) and Guerrero (−1.17).
SPI-1 (July 2026): 26% of the country in drought.
SPI-6 (Feb–Jul 2026): 13% of the country in drought.
SPI-12 (Aug 2025–Jul 2026): 14% of the country in drought.
7 Severe weather and notable events
Tracks of nearby tropical cyclones
Source: NOAA NCEI
Tropical cyclones within 300 km of the country
| Name | Basin | Peak intensity | Maximum wind (km/h) | Start | End | Closest approach (km) | Landfall | Landfall intensity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genevieve | Eastern North Pacific | Category 5 hurricane | 259 | 2026-07-24 | 2026-08-06 | 109 | — | — |
Source: NOAA NCEI
Notable events
| Dates | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-04-21 – 2026-10-09 | Drought | GDACS Orange alert: Drought in The Bahamas, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Haiti, Mexico, Nicaragua, El Salvador. |
GDACS alerts and station rainfall of 150 mm or more in 24 hours (after quality control).
Source: GDACS
Tropical cyclones within 300 km of the country: 1 (Genevieve).
9 Outlook
Outlook for August 2026: most likely tercile
Source: NOAA CPC
Outlook for Aug–Oct 2026: most likely tercile
Source: NOAA CPC
Probability of each tercile by region, Aug–Oct 2026 (%)
| Region | Precipitation: below | Precipitation: normal | Precipitation: above | Temp.: below | Temp.: normal | Temp.: above |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northwest | 26.0 | 31.0 | 43.0 | 24.0 | 28.0 | 48.0 |
| North | 28.0 | 32.0 | 40.0 | 23.0 | 29.0 | 49.0 |
| Northeast | 33.0 | 34.0 | 33.0 | 11.0 | 23.0 | 66.0 |
| North-central | 29.0 | 33.0 | 38.0 | 11.0 | 21.0 | 69.0 |
| West-central | 36.0 | 32.0 | 32.0 | 9.0 | 17.0 | 73.0 |
| Central | 40.0 | 32.0 | 28.0 | 7.0 | 17.0 | 76.0 |
| South | 57.0 | 26.0 | 17.0 | 14.0 | 23.0 | 63.0 |
| East | 58.0 | 26.0 | 16.0 | 13.0 | 22.0 | 64.0 |
| Yucatán Peninsula | 52.0 | 29.0 | 19.0 | 14.0 | 23.0 | 64.0 |
Source: NOAA CPC
Probabilistic outlook from the North American Multi-Model Ensemble (NMME), initialised in August 2026, relative to 1991–2020 terciles. It is not an official forecast: consult the national meteorological service.
Precipitation, August 2026: above normal is favoured over 0% of the country and below normal over 53%.
Mean temperature, August 2026: above normal is favoured over 100% of the country and below normal over 0%.
Precipitation, Aug–Oct 2026: above normal is favoured over 26% of the country and below normal over 31%.
Mean temperature, Aug–Oct 2026: above normal is favoured over 95% of the country and below normal over 0%.
10 Annexes
Report climate regions
Monthly precipitation by state (mm)
| State | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aguascalientes | 7.0 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 11.7 | 9.5 | 155.4 | 107.0 |
| Baja California | 16.4 | 24.3 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 1.6 | 0.1 | 4.9 |
| Baja California Sur | 18.6 | 2.2 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 9.1 |
| Campeche | 29.9 | 17.4 | 55.1 | 25.0 | 110.5 | 176.8 | 100.7 |
| Chiapas | 51.1 | 29.8 | 55.7 | 40.1 | 123.9 | 269.5 | 152.2 |
| Chihuahua | 27.3 | 15.2 | 13.1 | 10.7 | 10.0 | 71.1 | 86.1 |
| Ciudad de México | 1.0 | 0.1 | 2.5 | 57.5 | 99.9 | 225.1 | 159.5 |
| Coahuila | 14.6 | 0.6 | 1.8 | 19.4 | 34.8 | 51.4 | 62.7 |
| Colima | 18.9 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 3.0 | 146.0 | 159.9 |
| Durango | 33.5 | 1.1 | 7.5 | 4.9 | 18.3 | 91.1 | 140.0 |
| Guanajuato | 11.7 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 40.9 | 14.2 | 160.2 | 85.9 |
| Guerrero | 5.8 | 5.6 | 1.2 | 21.5 | 39.8 | 231.9 | 160.0 |
| Hidalgo | 8.0 | 2.3 | 15.3 | 41.5 | 131.7 | 197.2 | 68.5 |
| Jalisco | 15.7 | 0.7 | 9.0 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 171.9 | 187.5 |
| Estado de México | 8.6 | 0.4 | 2.8 | 61.5 | 91.2 | 207.6 | 145.0 |
| Michoacán | 13.9 | 0.1 | 2.3 | 17.1 | 20.6 | 178.0 | 193.8 |
| Morelos | 0.1 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 44.5 | 57.3 | 281.8 | 135.1 |
| Nayarit | 15.0 | 0.6 | 8.1 | 0.5 | 4.9 | 162.3 | 287.9 |
| Nuevo León | 7.5 | 0.1 | 4.8 | 57.9 | 93.4 | 113.7 | 32.4 |
| Oaxaca | 18.1 | 15.4 | 14.5 | 46.3 | 88.1 | 284.3 | 150.2 |
| Puebla | 9.1 | 6.3 | 12.1 | 54.0 | 89.6 | 222.5 | 109.4 |
| Querétaro | 5.8 | 0.3 | 3.5 | 45.2 | 74.1 | 187.8 | 58.0 |
| Quintana Roo | 39.6 | 20.6 | 116.5 | 51.6 | 175.7 | 113.4 | 84.8 |
| San Luis Potosí | 9.3 | 0.7 | 4.6 | 24.6 | 64.8 | 169.3 | 56.0 |
| Sinaloa | 36.9 | 4.6 | 8.1 | 1.6 | 6.3 | 54.0 | 224.7 |
| Sonora | 38.1 | 11.6 | 16.3 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 14.1 | 102.9 |
| Tabasco | 136.7 | 43.6 | 114.7 | 52.8 | 84.0 | 205.9 | 108.7 |
| Tamaulipas | 4.1 | 0.1 | 2.8 | 57.5 | 134.1 | 177.5 | 33.8 |
| Tlaxcala | 1.4 | 0.0 | 4.5 | 88.5 | 100.4 | 174.6 | 98.0 |
| Veracruz | 51.1 | 27.3 | 25.4 | 48.1 | 103.2 | 300.7 | 194.2 |
| Yucatán | 21.8 | 10.4 | 68.6 | 39.9 | 164.0 | 190.6 | 121.0 |
| Zacatecas | 13.2 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 8.3 | 13.7 | 113.7 | 76.2 |
Source: UCSB Climate Hazards Center
Monthly maximum temperature by state (°C)
| State | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aguascalientes | 22.8 | 27.4 | 28.3 | 31.3 | 31.9 | 27.6 | 27.8 |
| Baja California | 21.2 | 23.2 | 28.1 | 25.4 | 27.2 | 31.6 | 33.8 |
| Baja California Sur | 25.5 | 27.5 | 30.1 | 30.1 | 30.3 | 33.5 | 35.9 |
| Campeche | 28.5 | 30.1 | 32.4 | 35.4 | 37.0 | 35.5 | 35.3 |
| Chiapas | 27.8 | 29.1 | 30.8 | 33.1 | 34.5 | 32.5 | 32.6 |
| Chihuahua | 19.1 | 24.1 | 29.1 | 29.3 | 32.4 | 35.5 | 34.1 |
| Ciudad de México | 21.0 | 23.8 | 23.0 | 25.9 | 26.2 | 22.8 | 23.7 |
| Coahuila | 20.6 | 27.7 | 30.7 | 30.4 | 33.5 | 35.4 | 34.8 |
| Colima | 31.1 | 31.9 | 32.6 | 33.6 | 34.8 | 33.2 | 34.2 |
| Durango | 22.3 | 27.2 | 29.4 | 32.1 | 32.8 | 32.9 | 31.2 |
| Guanajuato | 25.1 | 29.2 | 29.7 | 32.8 | 33.5 | 29.2 | 29.8 |
| Guerrero | 32.1 | 33.7 | 33.5 | 35.2 | 35.8 | 31.8 | 33.6 |
| Hidalgo | 22.2 | 25.9 | 26.5 | 29.6 | 30.7 | 28.1 | 28.3 |
| Jalisco | 27.4 | 30.0 | 30.9 | 33.2 | 34.2 | 30.2 | 30.4 |
| Estado de México | 24.1 | 27.3 | 26.6 | 29.3 | 29.7 | 25.8 | 26.5 |
| Michoacán | 30.8 | 33.4 | 33.8 | 35.8 | 36.4 | 31.6 | 32.2 |
| Morelos | 29.0 | 32.3 | 32.1 | 34.9 | 35.0 | 29.8 | 31.6 |
| Nayarit | 28.4 | 30.3 | 31.2 | 33.3 | 34.5 | 31.3 | 31.6 |
| Nuevo León | 22.4 | 28.6 | 31.1 | 29.1 | 31.8 | 33.5 | 34.9 |
| Oaxaca | 28.9 | 30.1 | 31.4 | 33.8 | 34.6 | 31.2 | 31.6 |
| Puebla | 25.9 | 28.6 | 28.8 | 31.2 | 32.2 | 28.8 | 29.4 |
| Querétaro | 23.4 | 27.6 | 28.4 | 30.9 | 32.1 | 28.6 | 28.8 |
| Quintana Roo | 29.0 | 30.2 | 32.0 | 33.7 | 35.1 | 34.6 | 35.1 |
| San Luis Potosí | 23.2 | 28.2 | 29.3 | 31.9 | 32.8 | 30.3 | 30.9 |
| Sinaloa | 29.1 | 30.8 | 32.7 | 35.1 | 36.4 | 36.6 | 36.6 |
| Sonora | 23.5 | 27.1 | 32.3 | 31.6 | 34.3 | 38.6 | 37.7 |
| Tabasco | 27.1 | 28.7 | 30.8 | 34.1 | 36.0 | 34.7 | 35.0 |
| Tamaulipas | 23.4 | 29.0 | 31.9 | 31.3 | 33.6 | 34.4 | 36.5 |
| Tlaxcala | 22.7 | 25.4 | 24.8 | 27.3 | 28.0 | 24.7 | 25.5 |
| Veracruz | 25.2 | 27.3 | 29.4 | 32.3 | 34.5 | 33.3 | 32.8 |
| Yucatán | 29.7 | 31.5 | 33.3 | 35.7 | 37.6 | 36.3 | 37.0 |
| Zacatecas | 20.7 | 25.8 | 26.7 | 29.8 | 30.3 | 27.8 | 27.8 |
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
Monthly mean temperature by state (°C)
| State | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aguascalientes | 14.8 | 17.6 | 19.0 | 21.8 | 23.6 | 21.4 | 21.2 |
| Baja California | 16.2 | 17.6 | 21.8 | 20.2 | 21.5 | 26.0 | 29.0 |
| Baja California Sur | 19.7 | 21.0 | 23.7 | 23.8 | 23.8 | 27.5 | 30.0 |
| Campeche | 22.6 | 23.3 | 26.4 | 29.2 | 31.0 | 30.3 | 29.7 |
| Chiapas | 22.5 | 22.7 | 25.3 | 27.4 | 28.8 | 27.6 | 27.5 |
| Chihuahua | 10.5 | 14.6 | 18.9 | 20.5 | 23.1 | 27.2 | 26.5 |
| Ciudad de México | 12.7 | 14.4 | 14.9 | 17.9 | 18.4 | 16.6 | 17.0 |
| Coahuila | 12.8 | 18.4 | 21.8 | 23.1 | 25.8 | 28.4 | 28.1 |
| Colima | 25.2 | 25.6 | 25.8 | 27.2 | 29.1 | 28.6 | 29.0 |
| Durango | 13.9 | 17.1 | 19.4 | 22.1 | 23.7 | 25.2 | 23.9 |
| Guanajuato | 16.9 | 19.3 | 20.5 | 23.7 | 25.1 | 22.8 | 22.7 |
| Guerrero | 24.6 | 25.5 | 25.7 | 27.9 | 29.0 | 26.4 | 27.2 |
| Hidalgo | 14.9 | 16.8 | 18.2 | 21.5 | 22.9 | 21.9 | 21.5 |
| Jalisco | 19.4 | 21.1 | 21.9 | 24.1 | 25.9 | 24.3 | 24.2 |
| Estado de México | 15.2 | 16.7 | 17.5 | 20.5 | 21.3 | 19.4 | 19.3 |
| Michoacán | 22.0 | 23.7 | 24.3 | 26.7 | 28.0 | 25.4 | 25.4 |
| Morelos | 19.7 | 22.1 | 23.1 | 26.1 | 25.9 | 22.5 | 23.5 |
| Nayarit | 21.2 | 22.2 | 23.2 | 25.1 | 26.8 | 26.2 | 26.1 |
| Nuevo León | 15.0 | 20.0 | 22.7 | 22.9 | 25.3 | 27.2 | 27.8 |
| Oaxaca | 21.1 | 21.5 | 23.6 | 26.2 | 27.5 | 25.5 | 25.4 |
| Puebla | 17.2 | 18.5 | 19.8 | 22.6 | 23.8 | 22.2 | 21.9 |
| Querétaro | 16.4 | 18.7 | 20.1 | 23.2 | 24.4 | 22.6 | 22.4 |
| Quintana Roo | 23.2 | 23.5 | 26.2 | 28.1 | 30.2 | 30.1 | 29.9 |
| San Luis Potosí | 15.4 | 18.3 | 20.1 | 23.4 | 24.6 | 23.6 | 23.4 |
| Sinaloa | 20.9 | 22.0 | 24.8 | 26.3 | 27.8 | 30.2 | 30.3 |
| Sonora | 16.2 | 19.2 | 23.5 | 23.7 | 26.4 | 31.5 | 31.7 |
| Tabasco | 23.4 | 23.9 | 26.8 | 29.6 | 31.4 | 30.4 | 30.5 |
| Tamaulipas | 16.7 | 20.7 | 24.0 | 25.5 | 27.5 | 29.1 | 29.6 |
| Tlaxcala | 13.2 | 14.6 | 15.2 | 17.8 | 19.1 | 18.0 | 17.7 |
| Veracruz | 20.5 | 21.6 | 24.2 | 27.0 | 28.9 | 28.4 | 27.9 |
| Yucatán | 23.3 | 24.0 | 26.6 | 28.6 | 30.9 | 30.4 | 30.4 |
| Zacatecas | 13.4 | 16.8 | 17.9 | 20.8 | 22.0 | 21.0 | 20.8 |
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
Monthly minimum temperature by state (°C)
| State | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aguascalientes | 6.8 | 7.9 | 9.7 | 12.4 | 15.4 | 15.2 | 14.5 |
| Baja California | 11.2 | 12.1 | 15.5 | 15.0 | 15.7 | 20.4 | 24.2 |
| Baja California Sur | 14.0 | 14.5 | 17.2 | 17.4 | 17.2 | 21.5 | 24.1 |
| Campeche | 16.7 | 16.5 | 20.4 | 22.9 | 25.0 | 25.1 | 24.1 |
| Chiapas | 17.1 | 16.3 | 19.9 | 21.7 | 23.1 | 22.7 | 22.4 |
| Chihuahua | 2.0 | 5.0 | 8.6 | 11.8 | 13.8 | 18.8 | 18.8 |
| Ciudad de México | 4.5 | 5.0 | 6.7 | 9.9 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10.3 |
| Coahuila | 4.9 | 9.1 | 12.9 | 15.9 | 18.1 | 21.4 | 21.5 |
| Colima | 19.3 | 19.4 | 18.9 | 20.9 | 23.4 | 24.0 | 23.9 |
| Durango | 5.5 | 7.1 | 9.5 | 12.1 | 14.6 | 17.4 | 16.5 |
| Guanajuato | 8.6 | 9.4 | 11.2 | 14.7 | 16.7 | 16.5 | 15.5 |
| Guerrero | 17.2 | 17.2 | 17.9 | 20.5 | 22.2 | 21.0 | 20.9 |
| Hidalgo | 7.7 | 7.8 | 9.8 | 13.5 | 15.0 | 15.6 | 14.6 |
| Jalisco | 11.3 | 12.2 | 12.9 | 15.0 | 17.6 | 18.4 | 17.9 |
| Estado de México | 6.3 | 6.1 | 8.4 | 11.7 | 12.8 | 13.0 | 12.2 |
| Michoacán | 13.3 | 13.9 | 14.8 | 17.6 | 19.6 | 19.3 | 18.6 |
| Morelos | 10.5 | 11.8 | 14.2 | 17.3 | 16.9 | 15.2 | 15.3 |
| Nayarit | 14.0 | 14.2 | 15.2 | 16.8 | 19.2 | 21.0 | 20.6 |
| Nuevo León | 7.7 | 11.5 | 14.3 | 16.7 | 18.7 | 20.8 | 20.8 |
| Oaxaca | 13.4 | 12.9 | 15.8 | 18.6 | 20.5 | 19.9 | 19.3 |
| Puebla | 8.5 | 8.4 | 10.8 | 13.9 | 15.4 | 15.6 | 14.3 |
| Querétaro | 9.4 | 9.8 | 11.9 | 15.5 | 16.7 | 16.5 | 16.0 |
| Quintana Roo | 17.5 | 16.7 | 20.4 | 22.5 | 25.3 | 25.7 | 24.8 |
| San Luis Potosí | 7.5 | 8.5 | 10.9 | 14.8 | 16.4 | 17.0 | 16.0 |
| Sinaloa | 12.8 | 13.3 | 16.9 | 17.6 | 19.3 | 23.7 | 24.0 |
| Sonora | 8.8 | 11.3 | 14.8 | 15.8 | 18.4 | 24.5 | 25.8 |
| Tabasco | 19.7 | 19.2 | 22.8 | 25.0 | 26.7 | 26.2 | 26.1 |
| Tamaulipas | 10.0 | 12.3 | 16.1 | 19.7 | 21.5 | 23.7 | 22.8 |
| Tlaxcala | 3.8 | 3.7 | 5.6 | 8.3 | 10.3 | 11.2 | 9.8 |
| Veracruz | 15.8 | 15.9 | 18.9 | 21.8 | 23.2 | 23.4 | 23.0 |
| Yucatán | 16.9 | 16.5 | 20.0 | 21.6 | 24.2 | 24.4 | 23.8 |
| Zacatecas | 6.1 | 7.7 | 9.2 | 11.9 | 13.7 | 14.3 | 13.8 |
Source: NOAA CPC / PSL
Stations used
| Id | Name | State | Latitude | Longitude | Altitude (m) | Days with data (Tmax) (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MXM00076040 | Ejido Nuevo Leon (Obs) | Baja California | 32.4 | −115.2 | 11.3 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076055 | San Felipe Bcn | Baja California | 31.0 | −114.8 | 15.0 | 42.0 |
| MXM00076061 | Puerto Penasco | Sonora | 31.3 | −113.5 | 62.0 | 84.0 |
| MXM00076118 | Nacozari (Smn) | Sonora | 30.4 | −109.7 | 1099.7 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076311 | Choix | Sinaloa | 26.7 | −108.3 | 237.7 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076323 | Hidalgo Del Parral | Chihuahua | 26.9 | −105.7 | 1661.0 | 45.0 |
| MXM00076390 | Saltillo | Coahuila | 25.4 | −101.0 | 1790.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076402 | Ciudad Constitucion | Baja California Sur | 24.9 | −111.7 | 48.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076405 | La Paz (City) | Baja California Sur | 24.2 | −110.3 | 18.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076423 | Durango | Durango | 24.1 | −104.6 | 1872.0 | 81.0 |
| MXM00076458 | Colonia Juan Carras | Sinaloa | 23.2 | −106.4 | 4.0 | 81.0 |
| MXM00076491 | Ciudad Victoria | Tamaulipas | 23.7 | −99.1 | 355.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076519 | Colotlan | Jalisco | 22.1 | −103.3 | 1673.0 | 23.0 |
| MXM00076525 | Zacatecas Zac. (La Bufa | Zacatecas | 22.8 | −102.6 | 2612.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076548 | Tampico | Tamaulipas | 22.2 | −97.8 | 25.0 | 71.0 |
| MXM00076573 | Lagos De Moreno | Jalisco | 21.4 | −101.9 | 1942.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076581 | Rio Verde | San Luis Potosí | 21.9 | −100.0 | 983.0 | 68.0 |
| MXM00076593 | Progreso | Yucatán | 21.3 | −89.7 | 2.4 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076612 | Guadalajara | Jalisco | 20.7 | −103.4 | 1583.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076632 | Pachuca | Hidalgo | 20.1 | −98.8 | 2435.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076634 | Tulancingo | Hidalgo | 20.1 | −98.4 | 2181.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076640 | Tuxpan.Ver. | Veracruz | 20.9 | −97.4 | 28.0 | 84.0 |
| MXM00076647 | Valladolid | Yucatán | 20.7 | −88.2 | 27.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076654 | Manzanillo | Colima | 19.1 | −104.3 | 3.0 | 68.0 |
| MXM00076656 | Ciudad Guzman | Jalisco | 19.7 | −103.5 | 1515.0 | 61.0 |
| MXM00076662 | Zamora | Michoacán | 20.0 | −102.3 | 1540.0 | 77.0 |
| MXM00076665 | Morelia | Michoacán | 19.7 | −101.2 | 1913.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076675 | Toluca (Obs) | Estado de México | 19.3 | −99.7 | 2725.8 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076680 | Mexico City | Ciudad de México | 19.4 | −99.2 | 2303.0 | 61.0 |
| MXM00076683 | Tlaxcala De Xicontecatl (Dge) | Tlaxcala | 19.3 | −98.2 | 2229.9 | 23.0 |
| MXM00076687 | Jalapa | Veracruz | 19.6 | −96.9 | 1389.0 | 55.0 |
| MXM00076692 | Hacienda Ylang Ylang Veracruz | Veracruz | 19.1 | −96.1 | 16.0 | 52.0 |
| MXM00076737 | Orizaba | Veracruz | 18.9 | −97.1 | 1259.0 | 45.0 |
| MXM00076741 | Coatzacoalcos | Veracruz | 18.1 | −94.4 | 22.0 | 35.0 |
| MXM00076743 | Villahermosa | Tabasco | 18.0 | −92.9 | 16.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076762 | Chilpancingo Ro. | Guerrero | 17.6 | −99.5 | 1265.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076773 | Huajuapan De Leon (Dge) | Oaxaca | 17.8 | −97.8 | 1583.7 | 39.0 |
| MXM00076775 | Oaxaca | Oaxaca | 17.1 | −96.7 | 1518.0 | 71.0 |
| MXM00076805 | Acapulco | Guerrero | 16.8 | −99.9 | 3.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076833 | Salina Cruz | Oaxaca | 16.2 | −95.2 | 9.8 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076840 | Temosachi (Obs) | Chihuahua | 28.9 | −107.8 | 1931.8 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076843 | Francisco Sarabia | Chiapas | 16.8 | −93.3 | 1051.9 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076845 | Sn. Cristobal Las Casas | Chiapas | 16.8 | −92.6 | 2116.0 | 81.0 |
| MXM00076848 | Comitan | Chiapas | 16.2 | −92.1 | 1646.0 | 61.0 |
| MXM00076855 | Puerto Angel | Oaxaca | 15.7 | −96.5 | 46.0 | 0.0 |
| MXM00076903 | Tapachula | Chiapas | 14.9 | −92.2 | 118.0 | 0.0 |
Source: NOAA NCEI
11 Glossary, methodology and sources
Anomaly: difference between the observed value and its 1991–2020 normal. Percent of normal: observed total divided by the normal, times 100. Station record: most extreme daily value for the same month in all earlier years of record (at least 20 years).
Temperature: CPC_TEMP (0.5° daily grid); mean temperature is (Tmax + Tmin)/2. Precipitation: CHIRPS. National, regional and state averages are weighted by the area of each grid cell inside each polygon. Normals refer to 1991-2020; ranks compare values rounded to one decimal. Stations: GHCN-Daily (NOAA NCEI); values flagged by its quality control are discarded, as are daily values more than 5 robust standard deviations from the station median and variables whose monthly anomaly differs by more than 3 °C from the gridded analysis. Period means require at least 80% of days with data and station normals at least 20 complete years. This report is generated automatically and does not replace official information from the national meteorological service.
| Source | Product | License | Citation |
|---|---|---|---|
| UCSB Climate Hazards Center | CHIRPS v3.0, 0.05° | See provider terms | Climate Hazards Center, UC Santa Barbara. CHIRPS v3.0. |
| NOAA CPC | ONI, Niño-region SST indices (OISST v2.1), NAO and AO | Public domain (NOAA) | NOAA Climate Prediction Center climate indices. |
| NOAA CPC / PSL | CPC Global Unified Gauge-Based Analysis of Daily Precipitation, 0.5° | Public domain (NOAA) | CPC Global Unified Precipitation data provided by NOAA PSL, Boulder, CO, USA. |
| NOAA CPC / PSL | CPC Global Unified Temperature, daily 0.5° | Public domain (NOAA) | CPC Global Unified Temperature data provided by NOAA PSL, Boulder, CO, USA. |
| NOAA NCEI / PSL | Extended Reconstructed SST v5 (ERSST v5), 2° | Public domain (NOAA) | Huang et al. (2017), J. Climate, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0836.1 |
| GDACS | Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System event list | See provider terms | — |
| NOAA NCEI | GHCN-Daily | Public domain (NOAA) | Menne et al. (2012), J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., doi:10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00103.1 |
| NOAA NCEI | IBTrACS v04r01 tropical-cyclone best tracks | Public domain (NOAA) | Knapp et al. (2010), Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., doi:10.1175/2009BAMS2755.1 |
| NOAA NCEI | Pacific Decadal Oscillation index (ERSST v5) | Public domain (NOAA) | — |
| NOAA CPC | North American Multi-Model Ensemble (NMME) tercile probabilities, 1° | Public domain (NOAA) | Kirtman et al. (2014), Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00050.1 |
| NOAA PSL | Real-time OLR MJO Index (ROMI) | Public domain (NOAA) | Kiladis et al. (2014), Mon. Wea. Rev., doi:10.1175/MWR-D-13-00301.1 |
| NOAA PSL | Tropical Northern Atlantic index (TNA) | Public domain (NOAA) | Enfield et al. (1999), J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/1999JC900039 |
| geoBoundaries | geoBoundaries gbOpen (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI)) | Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO) | — |
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